Speed rating — all races
Cross Country
XC speed rating
2025 XC
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-10-18 | Saukie Golf Course | 8000m | 27:48.7 | 125th · 7th on team | 101.4 | +0.004 | ★CR CSR |
| 2025-10-03 | Whitetail Golf Course | 8000m | 28:20 | 59th · 5th on team | 98.9 | +0.008 | ★CR CSR |
| 2025-09-19 | University of Wisconsin–Oshkosh | 8000m | 27:05 | 37th · 9th on team | 101.3 | -0.018 | ★PR ★CR SR CSR |
| 2025-09-06 | Shorewood Cross Country Course | 8000m | 27:37.4 | 82nd · 19th on team | 101.5 | +0.010 | SR CSR RSR |
2024 XC
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-10-12 | Reid Municipal Golf Course | 8000m | 27:07.1 | 36th · 4th on team | 102.2 | -0.014 | PR ★CR SR CSR |
| 2024-10-05 | Carleton College Arb. | 8000m | 28:06.9 | 158th · 24th on team | 101.1 | +0.017 | ★CR CSR |
| 2024-09-20 | Les Bolstad Golf Course | 8000m | 30:03.2 | 229th · 23rd on team | — | +0.047 | ★CR CSR |
| 2024-09-06 | Shorewood Cross Country Course | 8000m | 27:09.9 | 85th · 16th on team | 103.9 | +0.010 | PR ★CR SR CSR RSR |
2023 XC
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-10-21 | Meadow Links Golf Course | 5000m | 16:54.2 | 8th · 1st on team | 122.8 | +0.012 | ★CR CSR RSR |
| 2023-10-12 | Cherry Hills | 5000m | 17:12.8 | 1st · 1st on team | 120.8 | +0.012 | ★CR CSR |
| 2023-10-06 | Northbrook Golf Course | 5000m | 17:28.6 | 11th · 1st on team | 117.4 | -0.001 | ★CR CSR |
| 2023-09-28 | Reedsville Elementary School | 5000m | 16:50 | 3rd · 1st on team | 119.4 | -0.017 | ★PR ★CR SR CSR |
| 2023-09-21 | Mishicot Elementary School | 5000m | 16:58.2 | 2nd · 1st on team | 120.8 | -0.004 | PR ★CR SR CSR |
| 2023-09-12 | Sheboygan Lutheran HS | 5000m | 17:05.6 | 2nd · 1st on team | 122.3 | +0.021 | PR ★CR SR CSR |
| 2023-09-09 | Lincoln Park | 5000m | 17:31.6 | 3rd · 1st on team | 119.9 | +0.003 | ★CR CSR |
| 2023-08-31 | UW Green Bay | 5000m | 17:16.9 | 13th · 1st on team | 122.7 | +0.036 | PR ★CR SR CSR RSR |
| 2023-08-24 | Two Rivers HS | 5000m | 17:29.1 | 5th · 1st on team | 121.6 | — | PR ★CR SR CSR RSR |
2022 XC
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-10-13 | Gibraltar High School | 5000m | 18:17.8 | 4th · 1st on team | 114.8 | +0.015 | ★CR CSR |
| 2022-10-07 | Northbrook | 5000m | 18:04.5 | 16th · 1st on team | 113.9 | -0.002 | ★CR CSR |
| 2022-09-22 | Mishicot Elementary School | 5000m | 17:57.3 | 11th · 1st on team | 114.6 | -0.004 | PR CR SR CSR |
| 2022-09-13 | Sheboygan Lutheran HS | 5000m | 18:23.6 | 13th · 1st on team | 115.2 | +0.021 | CR SR CSR |
| 2022-09-01 | UW Green Bay | 5000m | 18:44.2 | 12th · 1st on team | 115.6 | +0.036 | CR CSR RSR |
| 2022-08-25 | Two Rivers HS | 5000m | 18:44 | 23rd · 1st on team | 113.4 | — | CR SR CSR RSR |
2021 XC
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-10-14 | Gibraltar High School | 5000m | 18:40.2 | 6th · 3rd on team | 114.3 | +0.015 | CR CSR RSR |
| 2021-10-08 | Northbrook | 5000m | 18:49.6 | 22nd · 3rd on team | 110.6 | -0.002 | CR CSR |
| 2021-09-23 | Mishicot, WI | 5000m | 18:11.4 | 16th · 2nd on team | 113.2 | -0.016 | ★CR SR CSR |
| 2021-09-11 | Lincoln Park | 5000m | 19:25 | 17th · 2nd on team | 109.7 | +0.003 | CR CSR |
| 2021-09-02 | De Pere HS | 5000m | 19:01.7 | 24th · 3rd on team | 114.1 | +0.038 | ★CR SR CSR RSR |
| 2021-08-26 | Two Rivers HS | 5000m | — | — | — | — | CR SR CSR |
2020 XC
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-05-01 | Whitewater High School | 5000m | 20:54.6 | 32nd · 3rd on team | 105.4 | +0.054 | ★CR CSR |
| 2020-09-10 | Breummer Park | 5000m | 18:07 | 3rd · 3rd on team | 113.7 | -0.015 | PR ★CR R SR CSR RSR |
2019 XC
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-10-17 | Gibraltar High School | 2092m | 9:26.7 | 3rd · 1st on team | 103.1 | — | ★PR ★CR R SR CSR RSR |
Track & Field
TF speed rating
2026 TF
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-08 | UW-La Crosse Uncaged Eagle Open | 800m | 1:56.26 | 20th · 2nd on team | 110.0 | -0.035 | SR |
| 2026-05-01 | WIAC Outdoor Championships | 800m | 1:56.68 | 33rd · 3rd on team | 109.6 | -0.035 | |
| 2026-04-25 | Dick & Mary Johnson Invite | 800m | 1:56.54 | 11th · 3rd on team | 109.4 | -0.038 | SR |
| 2026-04-17 | UW-La Crosse Phil Esten Challenge | 800m | 1:56.67 | 20th · 2nd on team | 109.6 | -0.035 | SR |
| 2026-04-10 | UW-Platteville Invitational | 400m | 52.56 | 25th · 4th on team | — | -0.028 | ★PR SR |
| 2026-04-03 | Rex Foster Twilight | 800m | 1:58.43 | 5th · 2nd on team | 109.6 | -0.021 | |
| 2026-03-07 | UW-La Crosse Final Qualifier | 800m | 1:57.56 | 4th · 1st on team | 109.8 | -0.039 | |
| 2026-02-27 | WIAC Indoor Track & Field Championships | 800m | 1:58.7 | 22nd · 4th on team | 109.9 | -0.029 | |
| 2026-02-21 | UW-Oshkosh Titan Challenge | 800m | 1:57.48 | 8th · 5th on team | 109.4 | -0.044 | SR |
| 2026-02-13 | Midwest Elite | 800m | 1:58.32 | 16th · 5th on team | 109.0 | -0.040 | |
| 2026-02-07 | Big Dawg | 800m | 1:57.65 | 2nd · 2nd on team | 110.2 | -0.035 | SR RSR |
| 2026-01-30 | Squig Converse Invite | 800m | 1:59.26 | 10th · 5th on team | 108.1 | -0.040 | SR RSR |
| 2026-01-24 | WIAC TRI | 600m | 1:24.66 | 7th · 5th on team | — | -0.035 | ★PR SR |
| 2026-01-17 | Point Alumni | 3000m | 9:31.84 | 21st · 13th on team | 100.8 | -0.035 | ★PR SR RSR |
| 2026-01-17 | Point Alumni | 1000m | 2:37.07 | 3rd · 2nd on team | 106.7 | -0.035 | ★PR SR RSR |
2025 TF
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025-05-14 | Midwest Twilight Final Qualifier | 800m | 1:56.11 | 27th · 3rd on team | 111.1 | -0.028 | RSR |
| 2025-05-09 | UW-La Crosse Uncaged Eagle Open | 800m | 1:55.95 | 7th · 4th on team | 110.0 | -0.035 | ★PR SR |
| 2025-05-02 | WIAC Outdoor Championships | 800m | 1:57.52 | 25th · 4th on team | 110.3 | -0.022 | PR SR RSR |
| 2025-04-26 | Dick & Mary Johnson Invite | 800m | 1:58.88 | 7th · 3rd on team | 106.6 | -0.038 | PR SR |
| 2025-04-17 | Phil Esten Challenge | 1500m | 4:13.54 | 36th · 4th on team | 103.9 | -0.035 | ★PR SR |
| 2025-04-11 | UW-Platteville Invitational | 800m | 1:59.8 | 26th · 3rd on team | 107.1 | -0.028 | PR SR RSR |
| 2025-04-04 | Rex Foster Twilight | 1500m | 4:18.22 | 38th · 12th on team | 103.2 | -0.021 | PR SR |
| 2025-02-22 | UW-Oshkosh Titan Challenge | 800m | 2:00.13 | 18th · 6th on team | 106.9 | -0.044 | PR SR RSR |
| 2025-02-14 | Meet results → | Men's Mile | 4:34.61 | 21st · 7th on team | 104.8 | — | ★PR SR |
| 2025-02-08 | Big Dawg | 800m | 2:02.68 | 8th · 3rd on team | 105.6 | -0.035 | SR RSR |
| 2025-01-31 | Squig Converse Invite | 800m | 2:04.85 | 21st · 5th on team | 103.2 | -0.040 | SR |
| 2025-01-25 | UW-P / UW-EC / UW-SP Triangular | 1mile | 4:34.63 | 38th · 10th on team | 105.3 | -0.029 | ★PR SR RSR |
2024 TF
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024-06-01 | WIAA D3 State Track & Field Championships | 1600m | 4:26.59 | 5th · 1st on team | 125.5 | -0.035 | |
| 2024-05-23 | WIAA D3 Sectional - Rosholt | 800m | 2:03.03 | 6th · 1st on team | 123.6 | -0.028 | |
| 2024-05-23 | WIAA D3 Sectional - Rosholt | 1600m | 4:26.37 | 5th · 1st on team | 127.5 | -0.028 | ★PR ★R SR RSR |
| 2024-05-13 | Packerland Conference Championship Meet | 800m | 2:02.11 | 1st · 1st on team | 125.1 | -0.022 | |
| 2024-05-13 | Packerland Conference Championship Meet | 1600m | 4:41.46 | 1st · 1st on team | 121.1 | -0.022 | |
| 2024-05-03 | Two Rivers Invitational | 1600m | 4:33.36 | 2nd · 1st on team | 124.3 | -0.021 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2024-05-03 | Two Rivers Invitational | 800m | 2:00.71 | 2nd · 1st on team | 125.9 | -0.021 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2024-04-25 | Oconto Falls Invitational | 800m | 2:04.6 | 1st · 1st on team | 122.4 | -0.020 | |
| 2024-04-25 | Oconto Falls Invitational | 1600m | 4:40 | 1st · 1st on team | 121.5 | -0.020 | |
| 2024-04-23 | Kewaunee Quad | 800m | 2:09.01 | 1st · 1st on team | 119.3 | -0.014 | |
| 2024-04-23 | Kewaunee Quad | 1600m | 4:39.98 | 1st · 1st on team | 122.6 | -0.014 | PR SR |
| 2024-04-16 | 4/16 Peshtigo Quad | 400m | 54.83 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.023 | SR |
| 2024-04-16 | 4/16 Peshtigo Quad | 800m | 2:04.14 | 1st · 1st on team | 123.2 | -0.023 | |
| 2024-04-11 | Purple Power Invite | 1600m | 4:45.69 | 1st · 1st on team | 118.9 | -0.021 | |
| 2024-04-11 | Purple Power Invite | 800m | 2:02.82 | 1st · 1st on team | 124.1 | -0.021 | PR SR |
| 2024-04-09 | Sevastopol Quad | 1600m | 4:43.3 | 1st · 1st on team | 120.5 | -0.019 | |
| 2024-04-09 | Sevastopol Quad | 800m | 2:03.32 | 1st · 1st on team | 124.2 | -0.019 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2024-03-30 | Rosholt-Webko-Politos Invitational | 1600m | 4:41.51 | 1st · 1st on team | 120.7 | -0.035 | PR SR RSR |
| 2024-03-30 | Rosholt-Webko-Politos Invitational | 800m | 2:05.51 | 1st · 1st on team | 121.8 | -0.035 | SR RSR |
| 2024-03-25 | Oconto Falls Indoor 2 | 400m | 57.64 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.020 | |
| 2024-03-21 | Earl Hebert Invite | 400m | 56.35 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.009 | SR |
| 2024-03-15 | Princeton/Green Lake - ADE Indoor Invite | 1600m | 4:49.43 | 2nd · 1st on team | 117.3 | -0.036 | PR SR RSR |
| 2024-03-15 | Princeton/Green Lake - ADE Indoor Invite | 800m | 2:06.44 | 1st · 1st on team | 120.7 | -0.036 | SR RSR |
2023 TF
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2023-05-25 | WIAA D2 Sectional 2 - Little Chute | 800m | 2:03.76 | 8th · 1st on team | 123.6 | -0.024 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2023-05-22 | WIAA D2 Regional 2B - Sturgeon Bay (SNC) | 800m | 2:05.14 | 4th · 1st on team | 121.6 | -0.026 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2023-05-15 | Packerland Conference Meet | 400m | 54.28 | 2nd · 1st on team | — | -0.026 | PR SR |
| 2023-05-15 | Packerland Conference Meet | 800m | 2:06.28 | 1st · 1st on team | 120.2 | -0.026 | |
| 2023-05-09 | Algoma Invitational | 800m | 2:07.2 | 2nd · 1st on team | 119.4 | -0.022 | |
| 2023-05-09 | Algoma Invitational | 400m | 54.96 | 2nd · 1st on team | — | -0.022 | |
| 2023-05-05 | Two Rivers Invitational | 400m | 54.72 | 3rd · 1st on team | — | -0.025 | |
| 2023-05-05 | Two Rivers Invitational | 800m | 2:06.65 | 3rd · 1st on team | 120.6 | -0.025 | |
| 2023-05-04 | Peshtigo Invitational | 1600m | 5:04.15 | 5th · 1st on team | 112.5 | -0.023 | |
| 2023-05-04 | Peshtigo Invitational | 800m | 2:06.21 | 2nd · 1st on team | 121.6 | -0.023 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2023-04-27 | Oconto Falls Invitational | 400m | 54.36 | 4th · 1st on team | — | -0.020 | PR SR |
| 2023-04-27 | Oconto Falls Invitational | 800m | 2:07.31 | 2nd · 1st on team | 120.8 | -0.020 | SR |
| 2023-04-25 | Peshtigo 5 | 800m | 2:07.62 | 1st · 1st on team | 119.7 | -0.023 | SR |
| 2023-04-25 | Peshtigo 5 | 400m | 55.62 | 2nd · 1st on team | — | -0.023 | |
| 2023-04-18 | Sevastopol Quad | 1600m | 5:00 | 1st · 1st on team | 114.6 | -0.019 | PR SR |
| 2023-04-18 | Sevastopol Quad | 800m | 2:10.5 | 1st · 1st on team | 118.1 | -0.019 | |
| 2023-04-13 | Kewaunee Five 4/13/23 | 400m | 55.04 | 2nd · 1st on team | — | -0.007 | |
| 2023-04-13 | Kewaunee Five 4/13/23 | 800m | 2:08.03 | 1st · 1st on team | 121.5 | -0.007 | R RSR |
| 2023-04-11 | Southern Door Quad | 400m | 55.03 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.016 | SR |
| 2023-04-11 | Southern Door Quad | 800m | 2:10.59 | 1st · 1st on team | 117.6 | -0.016 | |
| 2023-03-31 | Rosholt-Webko-Politos Invitational | 800m | 2:07.98 | 4th · 1st on team | 119.6 | -0.035 | SR RSR |
| 2023-03-23 | Earl Hebert Invite | 400m | 57.94 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.009 | |
| 2023-03-17 | Princeton / Green Lake Indoor Invite | 800m | 2:16.51 | 2nd · 1st on team | 112.0 | -0.036 | SR |
| 2023-03-17 | Princeton / Green Lake Indoor Invite | 400m | 55.59 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.036 | SR |
| 2023-03-16 | Wausau West Early Bird | 400m | 58.65 | 1st · 1st on team | — | +0.017 | SR |
| 2023-03-16 | Wausau West Early Bird | 800m | 2:19.13 | 1st · 1st on team | 114.3 | +0.017 | SR RSR |
2022 TF
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-05-23 | WIAA D2 Regional - Wrightstown | 800m | 2:06.32 | 6th · 2nd on team | 121.3 | -0.022 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2022-05-19 | Packerland Freshman-Sophomore Conference | 200m | 25.84 | 6th · 2nd on team | — | -0.023 | ★PR SR |
| 2022-05-16 | Packerland Conference Meet | 800m | 2:10.02 | 2nd · 2nd on team | 118.6 | -0.021 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2022-05-16 | Packerland Conference Meet | 400m | 55.12 | 3rd · 2nd on team | — | -0.021 | SR |
| 2022-05-10 | Algoma Invitational | 400m | 55.81 | 4th · 2nd on team | — | -0.022 | SR |
| 2022-05-10 | Algoma Invitational | 800m | 2:13.04 | 2nd · 1st on team | 116.4 | -0.022 | |
| 2022-05-06 | Two Rivers Invitational | 400m | 57.11 | 4th · 1st on team | — | -0.021 | |
| 2022-05-05 | Peshtigo HS Invitational | 800m | 2:10.9 | 5th · 2nd on team | 116.8 | -0.023 | PR SR RSR |
| 2022-04-28 | Oconto Falls Invitational | 400m | 57.31 | 5th · 2nd on team | — | -0.020 | |
| 2022-04-28 | Oconto Falls Invitational | 800m | 2:15.12 | 4th · 3rd on team | 114.2 | -0.020 | SR |
| 2022-04-25 | Kewaunee JV 4/25 | 400m | 56.84 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.007 | |
| 2022-04-25 | Kewaunee JV 4/25 | 800m | 2:22.35 | 1st · 1st on team | 110.1 | -0.007 | |
| 2022-04-25 | Kewaunee JV 4/25 | 100m | 13.05 | 2nd · 1st on team | — | -0.007 | ★PR SR |
| 2022-04-19 | Kewaunee Quad 4/19 | 400m | 57.98 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.007 | |
| 2022-04-19 | Kewaunee Quad 4/19 | 800m | 2:23.05 | 3rd · 2nd on team | 109.1 | -0.007 | |
| 2022-04-12 | Sevastopol Quad | 400m | 56.66 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.019 | SR |
| 2022-04-08 | Wausau West Boys Warrior Invite | 800m | 2:18.91 | 3rd · 2nd on team | 115.1 | +0.017 | SR RSR |
| 2022-04-08 | Wausau West Boys Warrior Invite | 400m | 59.47 | 2nd · 1st on team | — | +0.017 | |
| 2022-04-01 | Rosholt/Badger UWSP Meet | 400m | 57.15 | 8th · 1st on team | — | -0.035 | SR |
| 2022-03-24 | Earl Hebert Invite - Manitowoc Boys | 400m | 59.32 | 7th · 1st on team | — | -0.005 | |
| 2022-03-18 | Princeton/Green Lake Indoor Invite - Ripon College | 400m | 57.99 | 4th · 1st on team | — | -0.036 | SR |
| 2022-03-17 | Wausau West Early Bird Indoor Meet | 400m | 1:00.92 | 1st · 1st on team | — | +0.017 | SR |
2021 TF
| Date | Meet | Event | Result | Place | Rating | Difficulty | PR/SR Flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-07-01 | Wisco Mile | 1mile | 5:10.98 | 6th · 1st on team | 111.0 | -0.028 | PR SR |
| 2021-06-17 | WIAA D2 Sectional - Fox Valley Lutheran | 400m | 55 | 14th · 1st on team | — | -0.028 | |
| 2021-06-14 | WIAA D2 Regional - Little Chute | 400m | 54.94 | 3rd · 1st on team | — | -0.024 | |
| 2021-06-07 | Packerland Conference Meet | 800m | 2:13.96 | 2nd · 2nd on team | 115.5 | -0.023 | |
| 2021-06-07 | Packerland Conference Meet | 400m | 54.59 | 3rd · 1st on team | — | -0.023 | PR SR |
| 2021-06-02 | GB West Wildcat Invite | 400m | 56.39 | 3rd · 1st on team | — | -0.011 | |
| 2021-06-01 | Oconto Frosh/Soph Invite | 800m | 2:24.75 | 1st · 1st on team | 106.8 | -0.020 | |
| 2021-06-01 | Oconto Frosh/Soph Invite | 400m | 56.33 | 2nd · 1st on team | — | -0.020 | |
| 2021-05-25 | Kewaunee Five 5/25 (Algoma,NEW,Oconto,Peshtigo) | 800m | 2:24.05 | 6th · 3rd on team | 107.9 | -0.019 | |
| 2021-05-25 | Kewaunee Five 5/25 (Algoma,NEW,Oconto,Peshtigo) | 400m | 55.77 | 2nd · 1st on team | — | -0.019 | PR SR |
| 2021-05-15 | Freedom Invitational | 800m | 2:10.97 | 5th · 1st on team | 117.1 | -0.030 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2021-05-11 | Oconto Quad (Kew, NEW,Sev, St Bay) | lj | 14-02.75 | — | — | -0.020 | |
| 2021-05-11 | Oconto Quad (Kew, NEW,Sev, St Bay) | 800m | 2:12.26 | 1st · 1st on team | 117.0 | -0.020 | PR R SR RSR |
| 2021-05-06 | Peshtigo Quad 5/6 | lj | 14-05.00 | — | — | -0.023 | |
| 2021-05-06 | Peshtigo Quad 5/6 | 800m | 2:18.68 | 2nd · 1st on team | 111.3 | -0.023 | PR SR RSR |
| 2021-05-04 | Peshtigo Quad 5/4 | lj | 14-04.00 | — | — | -0.023 | |
| 2021-05-04 | Peshtigo Quad 5/4 | 100m | 13.33 | 4th · 1st on team | — | -0.023 | PR SR |
| 2021-05-04 | Peshtigo Quad 5/4 | 400m | 57.71 | 3rd · 1st on team | — | -0.023 | PR SR |
| 2021-05-04 | Peshtigo Quad 5/4 | 800m | 2:24.24 | 3rd · 1st on team | 107.6 | -0.023 | PR SR RSR |
| 2021-04-27 | Kewaunee Quad 4/27 | 200m | 26.63 | 5th · 1st on team | — | -0.019 | PR SR |
| 2021-04-27 | Kewaunee Quad 4/27 | 400m | 1:00.17 | 1st · 1st on team | — | -0.019 | PR SR |